Inspirasi - Dewi Lestari

---

Buku Rectoverso (insert: Jenny Jusuf dan Dewi Lestari)

[Gambar diambil dari facebooknya Jenny Jusuf]

When it comes to inspiration, the skill is just about how to be perceptive, sensitive, and agile enoughto ‘catch’ it. [Dewi Lestari]

Mungkin banyak diantara kita, pecinta novel Indonesia, yang sudah mengenal sosok penulis yang satu ini. Dewi Lestari, yang dikenal dengan nama pena ‘Dee’, adalah seorang penulis sekaligus penyanyi dalam trio vokal ‘RSD’ (Rida, Sita, Dewi). Namanya mulai dikenal di dunia tulis-menulis sejak buku triloginya yang berjudul ‘Supernova’ mendapat tempat di hati banyak orang. Tapi saya belum pernah membaca Supernova. Sudah gak ada di toko buku soalnya. Maklum, saya mulai tertarik dengan dunia sastra baru beberapa bulan belakangan. Sebelumnya, saat masuk ke toko buku, saya lebih sering berdiri di depan rak buku “sains dan teknologi” atau deretan buku “psikologi”.

Saya sendiri mulai mengenal tulisan Dee dalam bukunya yang berjudul ‘Rectoverso’ dan ‘Filosofi Kopi’.‘Rectoverso’ yang sudah saya baca puluhan kali dan dengarkan ratusan kali, menurut saya adalah sebuah karya yang sangat berekspresi, sangat bervisi, dan juga sangat penuh dengan emosi. Oleh karenanya saya sedikit kecewa ketika buku selanjutnya, Perahu Kertas, mempunyai bahasa yang “biasa” (beda dengan sebelum-sebelumnya yang “sangat sastra”) dan cerita yang cenderung “ngepop”, istilahnya.

Dari semua karya Dewi Lestari, saya paling suka dengan Rectoverso. Alasannya sudah saya tuliskan tadi. Ide buku ini juga bisa dibilang sangat brilian, karena bisa menggabungkan dua indera manusia untuk menikmatinya: pendengaran dan penglihatan; yang bisa membuat pembaca mudah mengimajinasikannya. Seperti jargon buku ini: sentuh hati dari dua sisi; dengarkan fiksinya, bacalah musiknya … membuat saya bisa termenung lama setiap selesai membaca salah satu kisahnya, sembari mendengarkan lagunya. Langsung kena di hati pokoknya!

Dari 11 lagu dan 11 kisah di dalam buku ini, menurut saya, lagu “Hanya Isyarat” dan kisah “Cicak di Dinding” adalah juaranya. Bagaimana menurut Anda, yang sudah menikmatinya juga?

********/*******

Penasaran dengan “behind the scene”nya? Dewi Lestari beberapa waktu lalu menuliskannya dalamaccount twitternya (@deelestari), dengan hashtag ‘#trivia’. Berikut beberapa diantaranya:

· Lagu ‘Curhat Buat Sahabat’ diciptakan saat Dee sakit, dan gak ada orang di rumah, lalu kepaksa beli obat sendiri di warung. Saat pulangnya, Dee membuat lagu itu.

· Refrein dan lirik lagu ‘Malaikat Juga Tahu’, muncul saat Dee sedang sikat gigi.

· ‘Selamat Ulang Tahun’ terinspirasi saat Dee mencari wartel (warung telkom) dan tidak ketemu (belum jaman seluler).

· Kisah ‘Aku Ada’ dibuat saat Dee membayangkan kalau anaknya sudah besar, dan Dee sudah tiada. Hanya bisa menemani dalam wujud yang tak lagi sama.

· Kisah ‘Peluk’ adalah hasil eksplorasi tema “putus cinta” yang bermartabat dan tidak termehek-mehek.

· ‘Cicak di Dinding’ dibuat tanpa piano/alat musik. Melodi dan lirik tercipta begitu saja saat trio vokal ‘RSD’ sedang show di Papua tahun 1998.

· ‘Firasat’ tercipta satu lagu lengkap plus liriknya, tanpa alat musik, saat Dee sedang rebahan di kamar kosnya dan melihat plafon kamarnya (Jakarta, 2002).

Lalu Dee menambahkan, “suka banyak yang tanya: ‘dapat inspirasi dari mana?’ Tapi kalau melihat pengalaman sendiri, inspirasi datang dari tempat yang tidak terduga. Dia (inspirasi) yang menghampiri, tanpa dicari.”

********/*******

Lalu bagaimana dengan Anda? Apakah sering susah mencari inspirasi? Atau sebenarnya Anda sedang memilah-milah inspirasi yang mendatangi Anda, lalu melewatkannya begitu saja karena menganggap semuanya biasa saja? Tapi bukankah sesuatu yang luar biasa datang dari hal-hal yang sebenarnya terlihat biasa?

Menurut pengalaman saya yang baru saja memasuki dunia tulis-menulis, apa yang Dee katakan itu benar adanya. Inspirasi itu lah yang sering datang menghampiri. Gak perlu dicari. Dia ada di sekitar kita, dimanapun kita berada. Kipas angin bisa menghembuskan inspirasi. Tuts keyboard bisa berubah menjadi inspirasi. Semut-semut yang sedang mengerumuni remah-remah di lantai kamar juga bisa membawa inspirasi. Bahkan kejadian-kejadian biasa yang dialami sehari-hari sebenarnya adalah sumber inspirasi. Hanya masalahnya, apakah Anda akan segera menangkapnya, mendokumentasikannya dengan segera menulisnya, ataukah hanya membiarkannya berlalu begitu saja?

Salah satu kebiasaan buruk manusia adalah menunda. Menunda makan yang berakibat sakit maag. Menunda istirahat yang berakibat sakit kepala. Menunda pekerjaan yang berakibat stres belakangan. Hingga menunda menulis saat inspirasi itu datang dan menyapa Anda. Bisa saja sebuah karya sastra besar atau cerita yang unik yang seharusnya bisa Anda tuliskan, terlewat begitu saja.

Menurut saya, hanya ada dua jenis penundaan yang berakibat baik. Pertama, menunda berhubungan seks sebelum menikah. Kedua, menunda berkata-kata jika belum yakin yang akan dikatakan adalah sebuah kebenaran yang bisa dipertanggung jawabkan [ajining diri ono ing lati: siapa yang mau mencintai hidup dan mau melihat hari-hari baik, ia harus menjaga lidahnya terhadap yang jahat.]

Sebuah cerita/artikel atau tulisan berbentuk dan berjenis apapun, saat pertama kali ditulis tidaklah harus langsung jadi. Bisa dibuat garis besarnya saja. Yang penting saat inspirasi itu mendatangi Anda, tidak dilewatkan begitu saja.

Dalam pengantar buku ‘Filosofi Kopi’, Dee mengatakan kalau karir seorang penulis adalah sebuah karir yang panjang. Dee banyak menulis cerita yang tak selesai, cerpen yang terlalu panjang hingga tak bisa dikirim ke majalah, novel terlalu pendek hingga tak bisa diikutkan dalam lomba, puisi setengah prosa atau prosa kepuisi-puisian, dan aneka bentuk lain yang sulit diberi nama hingga akhirnya didiamkan. Dan setelah melewati semua proses itu, Dee akhirnya bisa membuat sebuah buku.

Jadi, masihkah kita menunda mengerjakan segala sesuatu yang harusnya dilakukan saat ini?

Hari bekerja untuk si pemalas adalah besok, hari liburnya adalah hari ini. [John Wesley]

Lakukan, maka engkau akan mempunyai kekuatan untuk melakukannya. [Jenderal (Purn) Soetanto]

Bahan mentah karya-karya besar hanyut mengapung mengitari dunia, menunggu untuk dibungkus dengan kata-kata. [Thornton Wilder]

Source:

http://media.kompasiana.com/buku/2010/09/22/menangkap-inspirasi-ala-dewi-%E2%80%98dee%E2%80%99-lestari/

Tips Menulis - Dewi Lestari

(ini copy-paste dari blog Dewi Lestari, ga nemu link aslinya, karena saya baca blog itu sekitar tahun 2008-an)

Tips #1

1. To cut off excess emotion (and spare our readers’ eyes from suffering): Kurangi tanda seru, tanda baca berlebihan, titik-titik yang terlalu panjang, huruf yang dilipatgandakan untuk kesan dramatis (e.g., “aaaaaargh!”, “Iyaaaaaaaa… iyaaaaaa…”). Trust me, THREE is enough. We get it! Thank you! Tanda baca, I tell ya, is a very powerful tool. Use it wisely, otherwise we’ll weaken its meaning, thus kill our own writing.

2. You’re about to write a novel, NOT A 50 PAGES of SMS! Inserting an sms text can be cute, especially when there’s a special purpose behind it. If that’s the case, by all means, go for it. But too much of it will be… well, too much. Keep that sms style in your own cellphone. Don’t torture your readers any further, they had enough already from their daily cellular interactions.

3. We’re writers, but don’t write’em all down. Trust our readers’ ability to imagine things. And give them some inspiring and convincing description, bukan sekadar deskripsi harfiah akibat malas mikir. A person laughs, okay, but we don’t need to read the “hahahaha”. A person’s heartbeat is racing, okay, but we don’t need to read the “dag-dig-dug”. A person walks through a dark alley, fine, but we don’t need to read the “sret-sret-sret”. A phone rings, please, save the “KRING! KRING! KRING!” for a toddler’s storybook.

4. Keep the dialogue efficient. Sometimes we try to so hard to create a lively situation, we forget that universe favors efficiency. We don’t have to write each, small responses like: “Ha?”, or “APA?!”, or “Huh!”. Do it when it’s really, really essential, and when we don’t have any better way to describe the character’s state of being. All good movies or tv series are efficient with wordings, for every minute counts. Every minute has to be captivating. Blah movies are not, that’s why we usually want to go out of the theatre within the first 15 minutes, or change the channel after ten seconds. Unless it’s really necessary and it serves a certain purpose, cut all excessive responses.

5. I cannot begin to tell you, and to remind myself, how important editing is. No, bukan cuma editorial bahasa. Tapi ritme dan penataan tempo adegan demi adegan—khususnya jika kita mengerjakan cerita bersambung, or a great romance/novel. Membaca novel, apalagi yang ekstra tebal, adalah perjuangan. Bagi saya, ini adalah salah satu aspek terberat yang harus saya kerjakan. Bagaimana mengatur adegan demi adegan dalam sebuah bab hingga selalu menyisakan umpan yang membuat pembaca untuk terus melanjutkan. And that’s what I’ve tried to learn from Candy-candy, Pop Corn, Ke Gunung Lagi… yakni bagaimana umpan-umpan yang kita miliki dapat tersebar dengan tepat hingga perjalanan novel itu tidak membosankan, dan selalu ada sesuatu yang dituju. In short, we have to create an addiction. I think this also differs good movies from crappy movies. The first builds a magnetic ride that sticks our butt to the theatre’s chair, the latter builds an imaginary farm with all white and fluffy sheep for us to count to slumberland.

6. Do you like sad ending? I don’t. I know some people who are just so into sad, tragic, black endings, which is completely okay, really. Not every story in real life ends up with a happy ending. Sad, tragic, black endings are real. But I just hate it when I’ve spent so much time and energy to finish up a book, a thick one, and finally stumbled with a sad, helpless feeling at the end. It just SUCKS! I’d like to feel empowered, inspired, and satisfied at the end of my struggle. A happy ending doesn’t have to be like the typical Hollywood where they just… have to… kiss. Argh. Happy endings can be made classy and subtle. All in all, I just don’t have the heart to devastate my readers with a sad ending, especially after I’ve dragged them to finish hundreds of pages. You better not too. Well, it’s your choice at the end of the day, but please warn me before I spend my good money on your suck ending.

7. This may be my exclusive, subjective experience, but I personally found that these things are counterproductive, distractive, and dangerous for our writing, for they may interrupt our working session, suck dry our energy, and taking up so much of our precious time. People, if you’re into serious writing where every hour counts, stay away from these poisons: FRIENDSTER, FACEBOOK, MY SPACE, MAILING LIST.

8. Seperti halnya anggur, tape, tempe, peuyeum, saya pun percaya bahwa tulisan adalah ‘makanan’ yang harus melalui proses fermentasi yang pas dan memadai untuk bisa matang. Terkadang proses fermentasi ini menjadi barang mewah saat kita dikejar deadline yang mepet. But trust me, this phase is very important. May it be a day or a week, give our writing a time to ripen. Close your manuscript and leave it untouched. Then, after a while, read it again and watch for yourself how the magic starts to happen. Yes. Your writing will reveal its true face. Most of the time, it gets uglier. But this is the true reality, and we need to face it. Justru pada saat tulisan kita menunjukkan wajah aslinya, kita punya kesempatan untuk memperbaiki apa-apa saja yang sekiranya kurang. Based on my experience, this fermentation process should be at least 5 days. Two weeks will be perfect.

9. Careful, though, the fixing process may seem endless. Each time we ferment our writing, we’ll always find some new things to fix. Jadi, biasanya saya hanya membatasi sampai tiga kali. Selepas tiga kali… just let it go. Ikhlaskan. Ini pun ujian yang cukup berat untuk para penulis, yakni: menarik garis usai. Sampai hari ini pun terkadang saya masih gatal ingin memperbaiki manuskrip Supernova, atau Filosofi Kopi. But I know, once they’ve ripened, we need to honor our writing as it is. Berhenti di satu titik usai, dan menerima karya kita apa adanya. Our flaws and imperfections may still be there, but embracing them means we embrace ourselves, including our mistakes and weaknesses. I tell ya one secret: no work is perfect. Makna kesempurnaan bagi saya bukan lagi karya tanpa cacat, melainkan penerimaan yang menyeluruh dan apa adanya.

Source:

http://www.facebook.com/notes/jia-effendie/tips-menulis-dee-lestari/10150406829465576

My Final Project Proposal

1. A proposed Title

The title that is proposed is An Analysis of The Use of English in Business Letters at the NISCONI Oil and Gas Company.

2. Topic

The final project has a topic about an analysis of business letters case study at the NISCONI Oil and Gas Company. Moreover, it will use the theories of business writing, business communication, and grammar.

3. Problem identification

The final project will be done based on the problem identifications. Due to the presence of grammatical errors, spelling errors, and also the use of word errors in the business letters in some companies including PT Dirgantara Indonesia where I had an internship, I would like to know whether in other companies especially in oil and gas company has the same problems. In addition, I am as an English student who is also learning Business concerned about that case, I am going to analyze the business letters in a company from those aspects. However, I am going to analyze the business letters that are used in oil and gas company because I am going to fill in the gap what materials that have not been analyzed in the previous projects about business letters or business English writing.

My analysis will be useful for other people because this analysis will make people, especially employees, aware about the importance of written communication in the business letters in a company, so they will have no mistakes in order to avoid the misunderstanding in a written communication. Moreover, this analysis will be useful for the students to make them aware about the business writing that becomes the most important thing in communicating between two companies just in case they are going to work in a company, and they are going to handle that kind of business letter writing.

4. Aims

The final project of analysis has several aims. They are:

a. to identify what kind of business letters that are used in oil and gas company

b. to analyze what errors that are often made there

c. to identify what improvement that can be used to minimize the mistakes

5. Research questions

The final project is done based on several research questions. They are:

a. what kind of business letters are used in oil and gas company?

b. what errors are often made there?

c. what improvement can be used to minimize the mistakes?

6. Significance of study

The final project will contribute several values. They are:

a. Theoretical values

The final project will contribute the theoretical values that have been learnt in English Department Politeknik Negeri Bandung especially about business writing, business communication, and grammar.

b. Practical value

The final project will contribute the practical values for me as the researcher to practice the theories that have been learnt in the class which are about the business writing, business communication, and grammar into the real one in the workplace. Also, this research will contribute the practical value for the company whom the letters are going to be analyzed, so they can get the new opinion of how to improve their business letters.

7. Background

The needs of business letters in the work place become an important part of human life to get a better job for a better living. The language use in the business letters is the most important part that people should be concerned about. The more formal and effective the language use of the letters is, the more respectful people are to the writer of the letters. Accordingly, Feathers (n.d.) suggest that the business letters should be checked in its use of words because there are some words that are often mistakenly interchanged, such as “affect” and “effect”. Therefore, the language use in the letters should include the grammar, the spelling, the expression, and also the use of words.

As I have said before in the problem identification that due to the presence of grammatical errors, spelling errors, and also the use of word errors in the business letters in some companies including PT Dirgantara Indonesia where I had an internship, and I am as an English student who is also learning Business concerned about that case, I am going to analyze the business letters in a company from those aspects. Therefore, my analysis will contribute to the knowledge of business letters that I have not learnt in college and also my analysis will give benefits to the company whom the business letters I am going to analyze to be better in making a business through business letters.

8. Literature review

As I have said in the background that the needs of business letters in the work place become an important part of human life to get better jobs for a better living. The language use in the business letters is the most important part that people should be concerned about. The more formal and effective the language use of the business letters is, the more respectful people are to the writer of the letters. Accordingly, Feathers (n.d.) suggested that the business letters should be checked in its use of words because there are some words that are often mistakenly interchanged, such as “affect” and “effect”. Therefore, my project of analysis of business letters that is about the language use in the letters should include the grammar, the spelling, the expression, and also the use of words. I am going to analyze the business letters in oil and gas company based on those aspects. In addition, this literature review helps me to find the gaps from the previous projects and also to find the weaknesses in order to fill in the gaps and the strenghts in order to keep them as the references for my final project.

The wider technology nowadays seems to give humans lots of simplicities in getting a better living. This reflects also to the use of website that provides the needs of business letters. According to 4hb.com website, it provides about 600 samples of letters with different topics and situations. Unfortunately, this website does not give any descriptions for its each kind of letters. It just provides the samples. The language use in letters from the website is clearly defined. Also, the way every letter in the website expresses the situation is various. For example for a condolence letter, this website provides many kind of condolence letters, such as a condolence letter of lost the home, or lose of the family member.

Although this source is the same as the previous source which is from the Internet, it is an article, not from a full website. In an article titled “How to write effective business letters”, Wood (n.d.) tells about the expression of statement that should be used in the business letters and its expressions, such as avoidance of the negative statement use and suggestion of using a refreshing statement. Moreover, Feathers (n.d.) in his article titled “Writing business letters” discusses what way we should prepare for and finish with the business letters. For instance, he gives some suggestions how to recognize the mistakes in the business letters by leaving it then re-reading it after one or two hours. Unlike those two articles, Sundblad (n.d.) in her article titled “Business letter style” discusses the steps in every part of business letters, and she explains it literally. Those articles have its strengths and weaknesses from its focus, however those articles support each other to make a good combination in completing the full-theories of preparation for people before they start to make a business letter.

Different from the letters and materials that the website provides, Shirley Taylor (2005)’s book titled Model business letters, e-mail, and other business documents gives a complete description in every kind of letters. The language that the writer uses in the letter is so tidy and clear. It defines the understandable text of description including the sample of time when people should write the kind of the letter. Also, the book includes the vivid steps of how people should write business letters.

Based on what I got in the classroom specifically in the business writing, the handout titled “Business writing” is clear enough. Even though it cannot guide the researcher to support the needs of the research, at least this handout can give the enlightenment for me as the researcher to know more about the business letters because the materials in this handout are limited. There are still many kinds of letters that have not learnt in the classroom.

While some of established works of business letters provide clear complete samples and description, a student’s project of Fatimah (2009) discusses one kind of letter. It is about a recommendation letter in one institution. Because it only focuses on one kind of letter, the description is complete, clear and easy to understand. On the other side, another student’s project Hamdi (2009) discusses several kinds of business letters that are available in one department in an aeroplane company. He focuses on the expression in each kind of letter. However, Firdaus (2009), he discusses the business document which is an annual report of one communication-service company, and he focuses on the grammar and tenses that are used in the annual report.

Even though this research focuses on the language, the analysis of English business letters is rare to discuss as the final project for the students who learn English in other university in Indonesia. Also, although student’s project of Hamdi (2009) discusses several kinds of letter that are used in one department in one company, Firdaus (2009) focuses on the tenses that is used in the businss document which is an annual report, and Fatimah (2009) discusses grammatical errors in one kind of business letters, it also seems that these three approaches have to be researched more detail. Moreover, the Taylor’s (2005) book can be a good reference to support the research into more detail. Clearly, there is scope here for a great deal more research that:

· could be based on one company’s problem that should be solved

· could be based on different field of business, besides in aeroplane, communication-service, or institution

· looks specifically at the contexts of the language use. Not only do I analyze the tenses, the grammar, and spelling, but I should also analyze the expression and the use of words as complete as I can

· gives the clear description and explanation about when people should write that kind of letter

· should be based on the length time that is determined. Not only do I analyze several kinds of letter from a company, but I also analyzes the letters that are in and out at the length time that is determined at that time.

· put also some samples of business letters that I make by my self

· should clearly include other definition to support my analysis

· should analyze the specific expression in every kind of business letters and put or compile the specific expression into a book

In short, my final project is going about the analysis of business letters in a company. I am going to analyze the business in PT. NISCONI (Nippon Steel Construction Indonesia) which runs the business in oil and gas industry. I choose different field from the previous projects because in this case I am going to analyze what kind of letters that are usually used in oil and gas industry, and also what errors that are often made in their business letters. I select the specific letters based on the length time that is determined. In my opinion, selecting the letters by its current date is better than selecting specific letters that only have several mistakes because selecting the letters by its current date is continuously updated. Moreover, not only do I analyze the grammar, spelling, and tenses which are like the previous projects, but I will also analyze the expression and the use of words as complete as I can to fill in the gap from the previous projects. Furthermore, the previous projects do not put the specific time and explanation about when people should write every kind of letters, so I will put that explanation into my project in order to fill in the gap and also to make the readers more understand about the letters. In addition, I am going to make some samples of letters whose types are the same with the letters that are used in that company. At the end, if there are still much time, all of the specific business terms that I find in their business letters will be compiled into a handy book in order to make people easy in using the specific word in their business letters.

9. Theoretical framework

In my final project, I am going to use the theory of writing in general. This theory is used in writing my final project in order to have a good structure and easy to understand in the texts of my final project.

In addition, there are several theories that I am going to use in my final project for the contents of my analysis. They are going to be about business letters which are about written communication, business writing that focuses on expressions, the use of words, its styles and formats. Moreover, the other theories are grammar, and vocabulary that focuses on the term in business letters.

According to Leslie’s article in the internet, “A business letter has six essential parts: the heading, the inside address, the salutation or greeting, the body of the letter, the complementary close, and the signature. ... Although your goal is to make sure your letter gets your point across, you do not have to bore the reader to death with business gobbledygook” (Wood, n.d.).

Writing business letters is easy if people follow the good steps to write an effective business letter. A business letter has a fixed format because it is determined as a formal letter in the work place generally. The letter format from Leslie (Wood, n.d.) can be guidance for people to start to write a business letter. On the other side, some people think that writing a business letter seems boring because of its formal style, but it would be better if you do not be too stiff. People can give natural nice surprise in your business letter. Furthermore, I am going to use this theory for business writing to analyze the use of language in the business letters related to business writing included the format and style.

Federic C Padilla, the author of “The proper steps to write a business letter” article, states, “... Do not forget to state the purpose of writing the letter in the first sentence of the body. Besides, make sure to state the point clearly” (Padilla, par. 4). Also, according to Donna’s article in the Internet, “..., be sure to proofread and edit the entire letter. A sloppy business letter can make a wrong impression” (Sundblad, par. 14).

In order to make a good communication with the reader, people should be concerned about the written communication that they build in the letter. People have to be wise in choosing the words for their business letter. If people cannot develop their main idea into long sentences, just write a full sentence of their main point. Do not make the reader confused with the long sentences without clear points. Therefore, people should check their letter, at least twice in order to avoid a miscommunication and misunderstanding when the reader reads the letter. Therefore, I am going to use this theory to analyze the use of language related to written communication.

On the other side, the most powerful theory that will help me to analyze the letters is a book titled Model business letters, e-mails, and other business documents by Shirley Taylor (2005). This book discuss everything what I need in analyzing the business letters. This book tells about the overview of written communication, language and tone, routine business documents, and also classified business letters. I will use this book to be guidance in analyzing the business letters and support the result of analysis that I will have.

In addition, one way that is used by the best writers to try to give the readers a clear message and avoid misunderstanding is use the passive voice rarely. The effects of using a passive voice are often making our writing daft, ambiguous, or even impersonal overly. That is why the best writers try to avoid the use of passive voice even though it is sometimes necessary (“Business letters”. Par.7). Also, in business letters, we do not put many ideas into a sentence, and make the tone of the business letters as formal as possible, not in conversational English (Feathers, par. 3).

As the previous theory which is about the use of language, this theory is also helpful to define the analysis about the use of language in communication in the business letters. The use of formal language is the important part to build a good written communication. This theory is going to be used in analyzing the formal language use in the business letters.

Furthermore, for the theory of grammar, the text book of Murphy titled English grammar in use is really helpful to be used to support or to refuse the case in analysing the business letters. This book consists of the grammar included the tenses, modal verbs, propositions. I am going to use this theory when I am analysing the grammatical errors in the business letters.

Moreover, for the writing style of analysis of business letters, I am going to use the descriptive text for explaining the theories, whether to support or to refuse the theories. Furthermore, I am going to use the theory for formal language that consists of how to use formal language in business letters and also the formal-

language to describe, to explain, and to analyze the letters because everything about business is usually related to the formal situation.

10. Research methods

As I have mentioned in the literature review, I will select the specific letters based on the length time that is determined. In my opinion, selecting the letters by its current date is better than selecting specific letters that only have several mistakes because selecting the letters by its current date is continuously updated. I am going to analyze the business letters at NISCONI gas and oil Company with the length time about three weeks; it starts from the early March until the three following weeks. Furthermore, the analysis will use the theory about the business writing, business communication, and grammar.

Moreover, not only do I analyze the grammar, spelling, and tenses which are like the previous projects, but I will also analyze the expression and the use of words as complete as I can to fill in the gap from the previous projects. Furthermore, the previous projects do not put the specific time and explanation about when people should write every kind of letters, so I will put that explanation into my project in order to fill in the gap and also to make the readers more understand about the letters. In addition, I am going to make some samples of letters whose types are the same with the letters that are used in that company. At the end, if there are still much time, all of the specific business terms that I find in their business letters will be compiled into a handy book in order to make people easy in using the specific word in their business letters.

11. Ethical consideration (Agreement/Permission)

The final project will need the ethical consideration because I am going to analyze the business letters in one company. The ethical considerations that will be needed are the letter of asking permission from English Department and a written approval from the company. Moreover, the company has asked me to send them the letter application, CV (Curiculum Vitae), and the proposal of asking the permission to have an internship.

12. Resources

In doing the research, the final project will need any resources. The resources are from several media. The most powerful source that I am going to use is the thory from the book (printed media). Besides, I am going to use the materials from the Internet (Website, Internet articles, Internet journal). Also, I am going to use the previous projects as the references.

13. Special consideration

If there is a problem so that I cannot analyze the letters in the first position, I will change the position and ask to be placed in the position where I will have the more general letters of the company. But if it is impossible for me to analyze the business letters in that first company, I will change the company.

14. Bibliography

The final project will be used the references from:

Azar, Betty S. (2003). Fundamentals of English Grammar. USA: Longman

Bartholomae, David. (1985). When a Writer Can’t Write: Studies in Writer’s Block and Other Composing-Process Problems. New York: Guilford

“Business English”. (2003). Retrieved November 9, 2010, from http://englishsuccess.com

“Business letters”. (n.d.) Retrieved December 1, 2010, from http://careers.unc.edu/depts/wcweb/handouts/business.html

“English business letters”. (n.d.) Retrieved October 10, 2010, from http://theenglishweb.com/sample-business-letters

Fatimah, Nurul Hayati. 2009. The analysis of recommendation letters at Impact unit in Padjajaran University. Bandung: Politeknik Negeri Bandung

Feathers, Alice. (n.d.). “Writing business letters”. Retrieved November 28, 2010, from http://www.writeexpress.com/writing-business-letters.html

Firdaus, Mochamad Dimas. 2009. The analysis of English usage in the annual report of PT. Telekomunikasi Indonesia, tbk. Bandung: Politeknik Negeri Bandung

“Grammar exchange”. (n.d.). Retrieved November 9, 2010, from http://longman.com/grammarexchange

Hamdi, Abdul Aziz. 2009. The use of English business letters in sales marketing department PT. Dirgantara Indonesia. Bandung: Politeknik Negeri Bandung

“Letter formatting”. (n.d.). Retrieved Ovtober 28, 2010, from http://letterformatting.net/category

Murphy, E. (1995). English grammar in use. England: Cambridge.

“Online business letters”. (n.d.). Retrieved October 10, 2010, from http://www.homebusinessonline.com/resources/elibrary/samples

Padilla, Frederic C. (n.d.) “The proper steps to write a business letter”. Retrieved October 7, 2010, from http://ezinearticles.com/?The-proper-steps-to-write-a-business-letter&id=4928796

“Sample letters”. (n.d). Retrieved October 10, 2010, from http://www.bestsampleletters.com/wacky

“Samples of business letters”. (n.d.) Retrieved October 28, 2010, from http://4hb.com/letters

Sundbald, Donna. (n.d.). “Business letter style”. Retrieved October 7, 2010, from http://business.lovetoknow.com/wiki/Business_Letter_Style

Taylor, Shirley. 2005. Model business letters, e-mail, and other business documents. Jakarta: PT Index

“Template for business letters”. (n.d). Retrieved October 10, 2010, from http://jobsearchtech.com.about.com/od/letters/l/bl_b_letters.htm

Wood, Leslie. (n.d.). “How to write effective business letters”. Retrieved October 7, 2010, from http://www.weeno.com/art/1099/179.html

15. Timetable

The process of analysis for the final project will be set based on this proposed schedule.

DATE	ACTIVITY	RESULT
February
	Make a final project proposal	The proposal is approved
March
Week 1	Do the internship for the final project in a company	Have more than 10 letters
Week 2	Do the internship for the final project in a company	Have about 30 letters
Week 3	Do the internship for the final project in a company	Finish completing the administration of the company
Week 4	Analyze the letters briefly	Analyze all of the letters
April
Week 1	Do the chapter one	Complete the chapter one
Week 2	Do the supervision for the chapter one	Revise the chapter one
Week 3	Do the chapter two	Complete the chapter two
Week 4	Do the supervision for the chapter two	Revise the chapter two
May
Week 1	Do the chapter three	Complete the chapter three
Week 2	Analyze the letters completely	Analyze all letters
Week 3	Make own sample of letters and compile the terms in that business letters	Have own sample of letters for about 10 letters and have a compilation of business terms
Week 4	Do the supervision for the chapter three and the correction for the letters	Revise the chapter three and have corection for the letters
June
Week 1	Do the chapter four	Complete the chapter four
Week 2	Do the supervision for the chapter four	Revise the chapter four
Week 3	Complete all of chapters and the results of the analysis	Complete all of chapters and the results of analysis
Week 4	Do the revision for the whole chapter	Revise the project
July
Week 1	Prepare for the final touching	Complete everything
Week 2 (15th)	Prepare for the final touching	Complete everything

16. Budget

The final project will spend money as I estimated it. These are the details:

No.	Subject	Details	Total
1.	Fee for the cyber cafe (warnet) (±30 hours)	@3.000/hour	Rp. 90.000
2.	Fee for going to Jakarta (±20 days)	@20.000/day	Rp. 400.000
3.	Printing (including the revision) (±600 pages)	@500/page	Rp. 300.000
4.	Making four copies final project	@30.000/book	Rp. 120.000
5.	Binding (hard cover) four books	@20.000/book	Rp. 80.000
6.	Stationary	@5.000/peencil
		@5.000/pen
		@5.000/eraser
		@5.000/liquid correction	Rp. 20.000
T O T A L			Rp. 1.010.000